The Potential of Small Modular & Micro Reactors in Accelerating Africa's Energy Transition

Kigali Convention Centre | Rwanda
30 June - 1 July 2025

NEISA 2025 marked a shift from advocacy to delivery in Africa’s nuclear energy conversation. The Summit positioned nuclear not as a theoretical option, but as a serious component of Africa’s long-term energy, industrial, and climate strategy.

Key signal: Africa is no longer asking whether nuclear is viable — but how to structure, finance, regulate, and deliver projects.

Graphics Insights

"NEISA 2025 helped shift the conversation from whether nuclear belongs in Africa to how projects can realistically be structured, financed, and delivered."

"What came through very clearly is that policy ambition alone does not deliver nuclear projects. Without implementation roadmaps, institutional coordination, and early regulatory engagement, investment simply does not move."

"Strong, independent regulators are not a hurdle to nuclear development — they are a prerequisite for investment. NEISA reinforced that regulation must be built early, not retrofitted once projects are announced."

"The Summit was frank about the fact that safety alone does not unlock nuclear projects. Financing structures, risk allocation, and sovereign credibility are just as decisive as technology."

"Conventional project finance models are often misaligned with nuclear timelines. What investors need are blended finance approaches, public–private risk sharing, and clear government-backed delivery frameworks."

"There was strong agreement that Small Modular Reactors hold real promise for Africa, but only if technology choices are matched to grid readiness, regulatory maturity, and bankable demand — not just technical specifications."

"Human capital and public trust must be built well before final investment decisions. Workforce development, transparent governance, and visible national benefits are delivery issues, not communications add-ons."

"NEISA 2025 helped shift the conversation from whether nuclear belongs in Africa to how projects can realistically be structured, financed, and delivered."

"What came through very clearly is that policy ambition alone does not deliver nuclear projects. Without implementation roadmaps, institutional coordination, and early regulatory engagement, investment simply does not move."

"Strong, independent regulators are not a hurdle to nuclear development — they are a prerequisite for investment. NEISA reinforced that regulation must be built early, not retrofitted once projects are announced."

"The Summit was frank about the fact that safety alone does not unlock nuclear projects. Financing structures, risk allocation, and sovereign credibility are just as decisive as technology."

"Conventional project finance models are often misaligned with nuclear timelines. What investors need are blended finance approaches, public–private risk sharing, and clear government-backed delivery frameworks."

"There was strong agreement that Small Modular Reactors hold real promise for Africa, but only if technology choices are matched to grid readiness, regulatory maturity, and bankable demand — not just technical specifications."

"Human capital and public trust must be built well before final investment decisions. Workforce development, transparent governance, and visible national benefits are delivery issues, not communications add-ons."

Key Outcomes

Policy & Institutional Alignment

NEISA 2025 surfaced broad alignment around:

  • The role of nuclear in baseload power, industrialisation, and energy security.
  • The importance of strong regulatory institutions as a prerequisite for investment
  • The need for early regulator involvement, rather than post-hoc approval
  • Greater coordination between governments, regulators, utilities, and financiers

A recurring theme was that policy ambition without implementation pathways does not unlock projects.

Financing Reality Check

One of the clearest outcomes was a shared recognition that:

  • Safety alone does not unlock nuclear projects
  • Financing, risk allocation, delivery models, and sovereign credibility are decisive
Key insights:
  • Conventional project finance structures are often misaligned with nuclear timelines
  • Blended finance, public–private risk sharing, and sovereign-backed structures will be essential
  • Early engagement with capital providers is critical — after policy, not years later

A recurring theme was that This laid the groundwork for why capital, risk, and financing architecture must be front-and-centre in NEISA 2026.

Technology & SMRs

Discussions around Small Modular Reactors (SMRs) highlighted:

  • Their potential relevance for African grids, industrial hubs, and remote applications
  • The need to separate technical promise from deployability and bankability
  • The importance of matching technology choice with:
    • Grid readiness
    • Regulatory maturity
    • Industrial demand
    • Financing structures

There was strong agreement that vendors alone cannot drive deployment without aligned national frameworks.

Capacity Building & Workforce

Participants stressed that:

  • Human capital development must begin before project final investment decisions
  • Regulators, operators, engineers, financiers, and policymakers all require tailored capacity pathways
  • Youth engagement and early-career pipelines are strategic, not symbolic

There was strong agreement that This informed the later decision to formalise youth and workforce-focused programming.

Trust, Public Perception & Narrative

NEISA 2025 reinforced that:

  • Public trust is a delivery issue, not a communications afterthought
  • Transparent governance, credible institutions, and visible benefits matter more than slogans
  • Africa's nuclear narrative must be framed around development, reliability, and sovereignty, not imported debates

NEISA 2025 Speakers


Rafael Mariano Grossi

Rafael Mariano Grossi

Director-General, International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)

Dr. Lassina Zerbo

Dr. Lassina Zerbo

Chairman, Rwanda Atomic Energy Board

Dr. Sama Bilbao y León

Dr. Sama Bilbao y León

Director General, World Nuclear Association

Dr. Yohannes G. Hailu

Dr. Yohannes G. Hailu

Economic Affairs Officer, United Nations Economic Commission for Africa (UNECA)

Dr. Francesca Giovannini

Dr. Francesca Giovannini

Executive Director, Harvard Belfer Center Initiative of Managing the Atom

Hon. Dr. Jimmy Gasore

Hon. Dr. Jimmy Gasore

Minister, Ministry of Infrastructure, Rwanda

Hon. Paula Ingabire

Hon. Paula Ingabire

Minister, Ministry of ICT & Innovation, Rwanda

Hon. Mutesi Rusagara

Hon. Mutesi Rusagara

Minister of State, Ministry of Finance and Economic Planning, Rwanda

Ass. Prof. Ignace Gatare

Ass. Prof. Ignace Gatare

Principal of the College of Science and Technology, University of Rwanda

Hon. Cina Lawson

Hon. Cina Lawson

Minister, Ministry of Digital Economy and Transformation, Togo

Dr. Andrew Kamau

Dr. Andrew Kamau

Co-Director, Energy Opportunity Lab at the Center on Global Energy Policy (CGEP), Columbia University

Prof. Ian Farnan

Prof. Ian Farnan

Professor, Earth and Nuclear Materials in the Department of Earth Sciences at the University of Cambridge

Chira Zerbo

Chira Zerbo

International Business Development Specialist, Cambridge AtomWorks

Princess Mthombeni

Princess Mthombeni

Founder, Africa4Nuclear

Prof. Eugene Shwageraus

⁠Prof. Eugene Shwageraus

Professor, Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge

Mr. Andrew Mold

⁠Mr. Andrew Mold

Director, Sub-Regional Office for Eastern Africa, UNECA

Mr.Abel Didier Tell

⁠Mr.Abel Didier Tella

Director General, Association of Power Utilities of Africa (APUA)

Prof. Dr. Soheir Korraa

Prof. Dr. Soheir Korraa

President, African Association for Women in Nuclear

Stefan Marxmeier

Stefan Marxmeier

Program Facilitator, NiCE Club Rwanda

Ryan Pickering

Ryan Pickering

Crew Facilitator, Collaboration-Based Siting for Consolidated Interim Storage, U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)

Dr. Fidèle Ndahayo

Dr. Fidèle Ndahayo

CEO, Rwanda Atomic Energy Board (RAEB)

Dr. Myriam Millogo/Nana

Dr. Myriam Millogo/Nana

Ass. Professor, Polytechnic School of Ouagadougou

>Dr. Stephen Yamoah

Dr. Stephen Yamoah

Executive Director, Nuclear Power Ghana (NPG)

Vincent C. Zabielski

Vincent C. Zabielski

Partner, Pillsbury Winthrop Shaw Pittman LLP

Mark Walker

Mark Walker

Full Stack Developer, WebDev Company

Prof. Samuel Boakye Dampare

Prof. Samuel Boakye Dampare

Director-General, Ghana Atomic Energy Commission (GAEC)

Mr. Dame Seye

Mr. Dame Seye

Founder and President, African Association of Professionals in Nuclear (AAPN)

Laura Young

Eruchi Opara

Senior Associate, Fluence Energy Limited

Armand Zingiro

Armand Zingiro

CEO, Rwanda Energy Group

Hon. Opiyo Wandayi

Hon. Opiyo Wandayi

Cabinet Secretary for Energy and Petroleum, Kenya

George Scott

Hon. Boubacar Diané

Minister of Energy and Water, Mali

Betty Green

⁠Hon. Robert Koffi Messan Eklo

Minister of Mines & Energy Resources, Togo

Edward Baker

Mr. Wei Huang

Director of Nuclear Planning, Innovation, & Knowledge Management, IAEA

Helen Nelson

Prof. Najat Mohamed

Director General, Tanzania Atomic Energy Commission

Brian Carter

Mr. Ibrahima Diouf

Special Advisor to the President, West African Development Bank

Anna Mitchell

⁠Mr. Stéphane Ouedraogo

Managing Partner, Stallion Capital Africa

Raymond Roberts

⁠Eng. Azarak Mogro Atadet

Secretary-General ,Central African Power Pool (CAPP)

Jessica Campbell

Mr. Brian Dlamini

Planning Engineer, Southern Africa Power Pool (SAPP)

Joshua Phillips

Mr. Robert Lisinge

Director of Technology, Innovation, Connectivity and Infrastructure, ECA

Ruth Evans

⁠Mr. James Keter Chumba

Director General, Kenyan Nuclear Regulatory Authority

Ryan Turner

Ariel Cohen

Snr. Fellow, Atlantic Council’s Eurasia Center, Member of the Council of Foreign Relations & Managing Director of the Energy, Growth, and Security Program

Virginia Diaz

Prof. Francis Otoo

Ag. Director General, Ghana Regulatory Authority

Gary Collins

Mansoor Hamayun

Co-Founder and Chairman, Minexx

Kimberly Cox

Rt. Hon. Ali Mahamane Zeine

Prime Minister of the Republic of Niger

Jeffrey Edwards

⁠Agnes Mutoni

Head of the Nuclear Safety and Security Department, Rwanda Atomic Energy Board

Deborah Reed

Andrey Anishchenkov

Deputy General Director, JSC Rosatom Energy Projects

Jerry Wood

Ms. Selma Ali

Member of the International Pre-licensing of EU-SMR-LFR Project, IAEA

Theresa Stewart

Dr. Götz Ruprecht

Director, CEO of Dual Fluid Energy Inc.

Henry Foster

Mr. William Bizollon

Business Development Engineer, HOLTEC International.

Gloria Rivera

Mr. Chen Hongyu

Director General, CNNC, Africa Office.